![]() The hospital management of hypoglycaemia in adults with diabetes mellitus.Acidosis: The prime determinant of depressed sensorium in diabetic ketoacidosis. Hypoglycemia in patient with type 2 diabetes treated with insulin: It can happen. Hyperglycemic crises: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS). You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy. We link primary sources - including studies, scientific references, and statistics - within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. blood vessel complications, such as a heart attack, stroke, or blood clots.They may need insulin, however, if glucose levels do not return to usual with rehydration. This will rehydrate the person and help to lower blood glucose levels. Initial treatment is with an injection of saline solution into the veins. It occurs when blood glucose levels are extremely high.Īs with diabetic ketoacidosis, a person with HHS will:Ī blood test can differentiate between diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar syndrome.Ī person with hyperosmolar syndrome will have normal blood ketone levels and a normal acid balance. Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndromeĭiabetic HHS usually affects older people who have poorly-controlled type 2 diabetes. Without treatment, diabetic ketoacidosis can be life-threatening. It is a medical emergency that needs prompt attention, as it can lead to a diabetic coma. Treatment is with insulin and fluid or, if necessary, intravenous (IV) fluids. an upset stomach with nausea and vomiting.However, this also causes the body to lose more water.Ī person with diabetic ketoacidosis will: The body tries to reduce the high glucose levels by allowing glucose to leave the body in the urine. People with diabetic ketoacidosis will also have high glucose levels in their blood since the sugar cannot go from the blood and into the cells. This occurs in people with type 1 diabetes for various reasons, including not receiving enough insulin or illness. The levels of ketones in the blood can become too high if an individual uses fat rather than sugar as an energy source. Diabetic ketoacidosisĭiabetic ketoacidosis is a serious complication of type 1 diabetes that arises when levels of ketones in the blood become too high and the acid level of the blood increases. Prolonged unconsciousness due to altered blood sugar levels is called a diabetic coma. If the person does not notice or act on the symptoms and the glucose levels continue to decrease, they will become unconscious. Signs of low blood sugar are when a person:Įating or drinking a source of glucose will bring blood glucose levels back into the healthy range, and the person will feel better almost immediately. Hypoglycemia usually only occurs in people who are receiving treatment with insulin, but it can occur with oral medications that increase insulin levels in the body.įactors that can result in low blood sugar levels may include: ![]() People with type 2 diabetes who use insulin are less likely to experience hypoglycemia, but it can still happen. Hypoglycemia is when blood glucose levels are too low ( under 70 mg/dL).Īccording to the American Diabetes Association, a person with type 1 diabetes will experience symptoms of hypoglycemia twice a week on average. very high blood glucose levels, also known as HHS.high blood ketone levels, also known as diabetic ketoacidosisĪ diabetic coma can result from one of the following:.very low blood glucose levels, also known as hypoglycemia.Type 1 diabetesĪ diabetic coma can happen when one of the following is present: Two causes are most often associated with type 1 diabetes, and one is most often associated with type 2 diabetes. There are three main causes of diabetic coma. ![]()
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